A contract of Insurance coverage comes into being when an individual searching for insurance coverage safety enters right into a contract with the insurer to indemnify him towards lack of property by or incidental to fireplace and or lightening, explosion, and so on. That is primarily a contract and therefore as is ruled by the overall legislation of contract. Nonetheless, it has sure particular options as insurance coverage transactions, equivalent to utmost religion, insurable curiosity, indemnity, subrogation and contribution, and so on. these rules are frequent in all insurance coverage contracts and are ruled by particular rules of legislation.
FIRE INSURANCE:
In line with S. 2(6A), “fireplace insurance coverage enterprise” means the enterprise of effecting, in any other case than by the way to another class of insurance coverage enterprise, contracts of insurance coverage towards loss by or incidental to fireplace or different incidence, usually included among the many dangers insured towards in fireplace insurance coverage enterprise.
In line with Halsbury, it’s a contract of insurance coverage by which the insurer agrees for consideration to indemnify the assured as much as a sure extent and topic to sure phrases and situations towards loss or injury by fireplace, which can occur to the property of the assured throughout a selected interval.
Thus, fireplace insurance coverage is a contract whereby the individual, searching for insurance coverage safety, enters right into a contract with the insurer to indemnify him towards lack of property by or incidental to fireplace or lightning, explosion and so on. This coverage is designed to insure one’s property and different gadgets from loss occurring because of full or partial injury by fireplace.
In its strict sense, a fireplace insurance coverage contract is one:
1. Whose precept object is insurance coverage towards loss or injury occasioned by fireplace.
2. The extent of insurer’s legal responsibility being restricted by the sum assured and never essentially by the extent of loss or injury sustained by the insured: and
3. The insurer having little interest in the protection or destruction of the insured property other than the legal responsibility undertaken underneath the contract.
LAW GOVERNING FIRE INSURANCE
There isn’t a statutory enactment governing fireplace insurance coverage, as within the case of marine insurance coverage which is regulated by the Indian Marine Insurance coverage Act, 1963. the Indian Insurance coverage Act, 1938 primarily handled regulation of insurance coverage enterprise as such and never with any normal or particular rules of the legislation relating fireplace of different insurance coverage contracts. So additionally the Normal Insurance coverage Enterprise (Nationalization) Act, 1872. within the absence of any legislative enactment on the topic , the courts in India have in coping with the subject of fireplace insurance coverage have relied thus far on judicial choices of Courts and opinions of English Jurists.
In figuring out the worth of property broken or destroyed by fireplace for the aim of indemnity underneath a coverage of fireplace insurance coverage, it was the worth of the property to the insured, which was to be measured. Prima facie that worth was measured by reference of the market worth of the property earlier than and after the loss. Nonetheless such technique of evaluation was not relevant in instances the place the market worth didn’t characterize the actual worth of the property to the insured, as the place the property was utilized by the insured as a house or, for carrying enterprise. In such instances, the measure of indemnity was the price of reinstatement. Within the case of Lucas v. New Zealand Insurance coverage Co. Ltd.[1] the place the insured property was bought and held as an income-producing funding, and subsequently the courtroom held that the correct measure of indemnity for injury to the property by fireplace was the price of reinstatement.
INSURABLE INTEREST
An individual who’s so concerned about a property as to have profit from its existence and prejudice by its destruction is claimed to have insurable curiosity in that property. Such an individual can insure the property towards fireplace.
The curiosity within the property should exist each on the inception in addition to on the time of loss. If it doesn’t exist on the graduation of the contract it can’t be the subject-matter of the insurance coverage and if it doesn’t exist on the time of the loss, he suffers no loss and wishes no indemnity. Thus, the place he sells the insured property and it’s broken by fireplace thereafter, he suffers no loss.
RISKS COVERED UNDER FIRE INSURANCE POLICY
The date of conclusion of a contract of insurance coverage is issuance of the coverage is totally different from the acceptance or assumption of danger. Part 64-VB solely lays down broadly that the insurer can’t assume danger previous to the date of receipt of premium. Rule 58 of the Insurance coverage Guidelines, 1939 speaks about advance fee of premiums in view of sub part (!) of Part 64 VB which allows the insurer to imagine the chance from the date onwards. If the proposer didn’t need a selected date, it was attainable for the proposer to barter with insurer about that time period. Exactly, subsequently the Apex Court docket has stated that remaining acceptance is that of the assured or the insurer relies upon merely on the best way through which negotiations for insurance coverage have progressed. Although the next are dangers which appear to have coated Fireplace Insurance coverage Coverage however are usually not completely coated underneath the Coverage. A few of contentious areas are as follows:
FIRE: Destruction or injury to the property insured by its personal fermentation, pure heating or spontaneous combustion or its present process any heating or drying course of can’t be handled as injury because of fireplace. For e.g., paints or chemical substances in a manufacturing unit present process warmth therapy and consequently broken by fireplace just isn’t coated. Additional, burning of property insured by order of any Public Authority is excluded from the scope of canopy.
LIGHTNING : Lightning could end in fireplace injury or different varieties of injury, equivalent to a roof damaged by a falling chimney struck by lightning or cracks in a constructing because of a lightning strike. Each fireplace and different varieties of damages brought on by lightning are coated by the coverage.
AIRCRAFT DAMAGE: The loss or injury to property (by fireplace or in any other case) immediately brought on by plane and different aerial gadgets and/ or articles dropped there from is roofed. Nonetheless, destruction or injury ensuing from strain waves brought on by plane touring at supersonic velocity is excluded from the scope of the coverage.
RIOTS, STRIKES, MALICIOUS AND TERRORISM DAMAGES: The act of any individual collaborating together with others in any disturbance of public peace (apart from conflict, invasion, mutiny, civil commotion and so on.) is construed to be a riot, strike or a terrorist exercise. Illegal motion wouldn’t be coated underneath the coverage.
STORM, CYCLONE, TYPHOON, TEMPEST, HURRICANE, TORNADO, FLOOD and INUNDATION: Storm, Cyclone, Storm, Tempest, Twister and Hurricane are all numerous varieties of violent pure disturbances which might be accompanied by thunder or sturdy winds or heavy rainfall. Flood or Inundation happens when the water rises to an irregular degree. Flood or inundation mustn’t solely be understood within the frequent sense of the phrases, i.e., flood in river or lakes, but additionally accumulation of water because of choked drains could be deemed to be flood.
IMPACT DAMAGE: Impression by any Rail/ Street automobile or animal by direct contact with the insured property is roofed. Nonetheless, such autos or animals mustn’t belong to or owned by the insured or any occupier of the premises or their workers whereas performing in the middle of their employment.
SUBSIDENCE AND LANDSLIDE INCULUDING ROCKSIDE: Destruction or injury brought on by Subsidence of a part of the location on which the property stands or Landslide/ Rockslide is roofed. Whereas Subsidence means sinking of land or constructing to a decrease degree, Landslide means sliding down of land normally on a hill.
Nonetheless, regular cracking, settlement or bedding down of latest constructions; settlement or motion of made up floor; coastal or river erosion; faulty design or workmanship or use of faulty supplies; and demolition, development, structural alterations or restore of any property or ground-works or excavations, are usually not coated.
BURSTING AND/OR OVERFLOWING OF WATER TANKS, APPARATUS AND PIPES: Loss or injury to property by water or in any other case on account of bursting or unintentional overflowing of water tanks, equipment and pipes is roofed.
MISSILE TESTING OPERATIONS: Destruction or injury, because of impression or in any other case from trajectory/ projectiles in reference to missile testing operations by the Insured or anybody else, is roofed.
LEAKAGE FROM AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER INSTALLATIONS: Harm, brought on by water unintentionally discharged or leaked out from computerized sprinkler installations within the insured’s premises, is roofed. Nonetheless, such destruction or injury brought on by repairs or alterations to the buildings or premises; repairs removing or extension of the sprinkler set up; and defects in development identified to the insured, are usually not coated.
BUSH FIRE: This covers injury brought on by burning, whether or not unintentional or in any other case, of bush and jungles and the clearing of lands by fireplace, however excludes destruction or injury, brought on by Forest Fireplace.
RISKS NOT COVERED BY FIRE INSURANCE POLICY
Claims not maintainable/ coated underneath this coverage are as follows:
o Theft throughout or after the incidence of any insured dangers
o Struggle or nuclear perils
o Electrical breakdowns
o Ordered burning by a public authority
o Subterranean fireplace
o Loss or injury to bullion, treasured stones, curios (worth greater than Rs.10000), plans, drawings, cash, securities, cheque books, pc information besides if they’re categorically included.
o Loss or injury to property moved to a special location (besides equipment and gear for cleansing, repairs or renovation for greater than 60 days).
CHARACTERICTICS OF FIRE INSURANCE CONTRACT
A hearth insurance coverage contract has the next traits specifically:
(a) Fireplace insurance coverage is a private contract
A hearth insurance coverage contract doesn’t guarantee the protection of the insured property. Its objective is to see that the insured doesn’t endure loss by motive of his curiosity within the insured property. Therefore, if his reference to the insured property ceases by being transferred to a different individual, the contract of insurance coverage additionally involves an finish. It isn’t so related with the subject material of the insurance coverage as to go mechanically to the brand new proprietor to whom the topic is transferred. The contract of fireplace insurance coverage is thus a mere a private contract between the insured and the insurer for the fee of cash. It may be validly assigned to a different solely with the consent of the insurer.
(b) It’s whole and indivisible contract.
The place the insurance coverage is of a binding and its contents of inventory and equipment, the contract is expressly agreed to be divisible. Thus , the place the insured is responsible of breach of obligation in direction of the insurer in respect of 1 topic issues coated by the coverage , the insurer can keep away from the contract as a complete and never solely in respect of that exact topic mater , until the appropriate is restricted by the phrases of the coverage.
(c) Trigger of fireplace is immaterial
In insuring towards fireplace, the insured needs to guard him from any loss or detriment which he could endure upon the incidence of a fireplace, nonetheless it could be precipitated. As long as the loss is because of fireplace inside the that means of the coverage, it’s immaterial what the reason for fireplace is, typically. Thus , whether or not it was as a result of the fireplace was lighted improperly or was lighted correctly however negligently attended to thereafter or whether or not the fireplace was precipitated on account of the negligence of the insured or his servants or strangers is immaterial and the insurer is liable to indemnify the insured. Within the absence of fraud, the proximate reason behind the loss solely is to be appeared to.
The reason for the fireplace nonetheless turns into materials to be investigated
(1). The place the fireplace is occasioned not by the negligence of, however by the willful
(2) The place the fireplace is due is to trigger falling with the exception within the contract.
LIMITATION OF TIME
Indemnity insurance coverage was an settlement by the insurer to confer on the insured a contractual proper, which prima facie, got here into existence instantly when the loss was suffered by the taking place of an occasion insured towards, to be put by the insurer into the identical place through which the accused would have had the occasion not occurred however in no higher place. There was a main legal responsibility, i.e. to indemnify, and a secondary legal responsibility i.e. to place the insured in his pre-loss place, both by paying him a specifying quantity or it may be in another method. However the truth that the insurer had an choice as to the best way through which he would put the insured into pre-loss place didn’t imply that he was not liable to indemnify him in a technique or one other, instantly the loss occurred. The first legal responsibility arises on the taking place of the occasion insured towards. So, the time ran from the date of the loss and never from the date on which the coverage was prevented and any swimsuit filed after that point restrict could be barred by limitation.[2]
WHO MAY INSURE AGAINST FIRE?
Solely those that have insurable curiosity in a property can take fireplace insurance coverage thereon. The next are among the many class of individuals who’ve been held to own insurable curiosity in, property and might insure such property:
1. Homeowners of property, whether or not sole, or joint proprietor, or accomplice within the agency proudly owning the property. It isn’t mandatory that they need to possession additionally. Thus a lesser and a lessee can each insure it collectively or severely.
2. The vender and purchaser have each rights to insure. The seller’s curiosity continues till the conveyance is accomplished and even thereafter, if he has an unpaid vendor’s lien over it.
3. The mortgagor and mortgagee have each distinct pursuits within the mortgaged property and might insure, per Lord Esher M.R.”The mortgagee doesn’t declare his curiosity by way of the mortgagor , however by advantage of the mortgage which has given him an curiosity distinct from that of the mortgagor”[3]
4. Trustees are authorized house owners and beneficiaries the helpful house owners of belief property and every can insure it.
5. Bailees equivalent to carriers, pawnbrokers or warehouse males are liable for there security of the property entrusted to them and so can insure it.
PERSON NOT ENTITLED TO INSURE
One who has no insurable curiosity in a property can’t insure it. For instance:
1. An unsecured creditor can’t insure his debtor’s property, as a result of his proper is just towards the debtor personally. He can, nonetheless, insure the debtor’s life.
2. A shareholder in an organization can’t insure the property of the corporate as he has no insurable curiosity in any asset of the corporate even when he’s the only real shareholder. As was the case of Macaura v. Northen Assurance Co.[4] Macaura. As a result of neither as a easy creditor nor as a shareholder had he any insurable curiosity in it.
CONCEPT OF UTMOST FAITH
As all contracts of insurance coverage are contracts of utmost good religion, the proposer for fireplace insurance coverage can also be underneath a optimistic obligation to make a full disclosure of all materials information and to not make any misrepresentations or misdescreptions thereof through the negotiations for acquiring the coverage. This obligation of utmost good religion applies equally to the insurer and the insured. There should be full good religion on the a part of the assured. This obligation to watch utmost good religion is ensured b requiring the proposer to declare that the statements within the proposal type are true, that they shall be the premise of the contract and that any incorrect or false assertion therein shall keep away from the coverage. The insurer can then depend on them to evaluate the chance and to repair applicable premium and settle for the chance or decline it.
The questions within the proposal type for a fireplace coverage are so framed as to get all info which is materials to the insurer to know with the intention to assess the chance and repair the premium, that’s, all materials information. Thus the proposer is required too give info regarding:
o The proposer’s identify and tackle and occupation
o The outline of the subject material to be insured enough for the aim of figuring out it together with,
o An outline of the locality the place it’s located
o How the property is getting used, whether or not for any manufacturing objective or hazardous commerce.and so on
o Whether or not it has already been insured
o And in addition ant private insurance coverage historical past together with the claims if any made purchase the proposer, and so on.
Other than questions within the proposal type, the proposer ought to disclose whether or not questioned or not-
1. Any info which might point out the chance of fireplace to be above regular;
2. Any reality which might point out that the insurer’s legal responsibility could also be greater than regular will be anticipated equivalent to existence of precious manuscripts or paperwork, and so on, and
3. Any info bearing upon the extra; hazard concerned.
The proposer just isn’t obliged to disclose-
1. Info which the insurer could also be presumed to know within the atypical course of his enterprise as an insurer;
2. Details which have a tendency to indicate that the chance is lesser than in any other case;
3. Details as to which info is waived by the insurer; and
4. Details which needn’t disclosed in view of a coverage situation.
Thus, assured is underneath a solemn obligation to make full disclosure of fabric information which can be related for the insurer to have in mind whereas deciding whether or not the proposal needs to be accepted or not. Whereas making a disclosure of the related information, the
DOCTRINE OF PROXIMATE CAUSE
The place extra perils than one act concurrently or successively, will probably be tough to evaluate the relative impact of every peril or select one in all these because the precise reason behind the loss. In such instances, the doctrine of proximate trigger helps to find out the precise reason behind the loss.
Proximate trigger was outlined in Pawsey v. Scottish Union and Nationwide Ins. Co.,[5]as “the lively, efficient trigger that units in movement a practice of occasions which brings a few outcome with out the intervention of any drive began and dealing actively from a brand new and impartial supply.” It’s dominant and efficient trigger though it’s not the closest in time. It’s subsequently mandatory when a loss happens to analyze and confirm what’s the proximate reason behind the loss with the intention to decide whether or not the insurer is responsible for the loss.
PROXIMATE CAUSE OF DAMAGE
A hearth coverage covers dangers the place injury is precipitated by means of fireplace. The hearth could also be brought on by lightening, by explosion or implosion. It could be results of riot, strike or on account of any, malicious act. Nonetheless these elements should finally result in a fireplace and the fireplace should be the proximate trigger of injury. Due to this fact, a loss brought on by theft of property by militants wouldn’t be coated by the fireplace coverage. The view that the loss was coated underneath the malicious act clause and subsequently .the insurer was liable to fulfill the declare is untenable, as a result of until and till fireplace is the proximate trigger f injury, no declare underneath a fireplace coverage could be maintainable.[6]
PROCEDURE FOR TAKING A FIRE INSURANCE POLICY
The steps concerned for taking a fireplace insurance coverage coverage are talked about under:
1. Choice of the Insurance coverage Firm:
There are numerous firms that supply fireplace insurance coverage towards unexpected occasions. The person or the corporate should take care within the collection of an insurance coverage firm. The judgment ought to relaxation on elements like goodwill, and long run standing out there. The insurance coverage firms can both be approached immediately or by way of brokers, a few of them who’re appointed by the corporate itself.
2. Submission of the Proposal Type:
The person or the enterprise proprietor should submit a accomplished prescribed proposal type with the required particulars to the insurance coverage firm for correct consideration and subsequent approval. The knowledge within the Proposal Type needs to be given in good religion and should be accompanied by paperwork that confirm the precise price of the property or items which might be to be insured. Many of the firms have their very own customized Proposal Kinds whereby the precise info needs to be offered.
3. Survey of the Property/ Consideration:
As soon as the duly stuffed Proposal Type is submitted to the insurance coverage firm, it makes an “on the spot” survey of the property or the products which might be the subject material of the insurance coverage. That is normally carried out by the investigators, or the surveyors, who’re appointed by the corporate and they should report again to them after an intensive analysis and survey. That is crucial to evaluate the chance concerned and calculate the speed of premium.
4. Acceptance of the Proposal:
As soon as the detailed and complete report is submitted to the insurance coverage firm by the surveyors and associated officers, the previous makes an intensive perusal of the Proposal Type and the report. If the corporate is happy that their is not any lacuna or foul play or fraud concerned, it formally “accepts” the Proposal Type and directs the insured to pay the primary premium to the corporate. It’s to be famous that the insurance coverage coverage commences after the fee and the acceptance of the premium by the insured and the corporate, respectively. The Insurance coverage Firm points a Cowl Be aware after the acceptance of the primary premium.
PROCEDURE ON RECEIPT OF NOTICE OF LOSS
On receipt of the discover of loss, the insurer requires the insured to furnish particulars pertaining to the loss in a declare from regarding the next information-
1. Circumstances and reason behind the fireplace;
2. Occupancy and scenario of the premises through which the fireplace occurred;
3. Insured’s curiosity within the insured property; that’s capability through which the insured claims and whether or not any others have an interest within the property;
4. Different insurances on the property;
5. Worth of every merchandise of the property on the time of loss along with proofs thereof , and worth of the salvage ,if any; and
6. Quantity claimed
Furnishing such info regarding the declare can also be a situation precedent to the legal responsibility of the insurer. The above info will allow the insurer to confirm whether-
(1) The coverage is in drive;
(2) The peril inflicting the loss is an insured peril;
(3) The property broken or misplaced is the insured property.
Guidelines for calculation of worth of property
The worth of the insured property is-
1) Its worth on the time of loss, and
2) On the place of loss, and
3) Its actual or intrinsic worth with none regard for its sentimental vale. Lack of potential revenue or different consequential loss is to not be taken into consideration.
FILING OF CLAIMS
How a declare arises?
After a contract of fireplace insurance coverage has come into existence, a declare could come up by the operation of a number of insured perils on an unsecured property. There could as well as a number of uninsured perils additionally working concurrently or in succession of the property. So that the declare needs to be legitimate the next situations should be fulfilled:
1. The incidence ought to happen as a result of operation of an insured peril or the place each insured and different perils operated , the dominant or environment friendly reason behind the loss should have been an insured peril;
2. The operation of the peril should not come inside the scope of the coverage exceptions;
3. The occasion should have precipitated loss or injury of the insured property;
4. The incidence should be through the foreign money of the coverage;
5. The insured should have fulfilled all of the coverage situations and must also adjust to necessities to be fulfilled after the declare had arisen.
MATERIAL FACTS IN FIRE INSURANCE: PREVIOUS CONVICTION OF THE ACCUSED
The prison document of an assured might have an effect on the ethical hazard, which insurers needed to assess, and the non-disclosure of a severe prison offence like theft by the plaintiff would a cloth non-disclosure.
INSURED’S DUTY ON OUTBREAK OF FIRE, IMPLIED DUTY
On the outbreak of a fireplace the insured is underneath an implied obligation to watch good religion in direction of the insurers and the in pursuance of it the insured should do his greatest to avert or decrease the loss. For this objective he should (1) take all affordable measures to place out the fireplace or stop its unfold, and (2) help the fireplace brigade and others of their makes an attempt to take action at any price not come of their manner.
With this object the insured property could also be eliminated to a spot of security. Any loss or injury the insured property could maintain in the middle of makes an attempt to fight the fireplace or throughout its removing to a spot of security and so on., can be deemed to be loss proximately brought on by the fireplace.
If the insured fails in his obligation willfully and thereby will increase the burden of the insurer, the insured can be disadvantaged of his proper to revive any indemnity underneath the coverage.[7]
INSURER’S RIGHTS ON THE OUTBREAK OF FIRE
(A) Implied Rights
Akin to the insured’s duties the insurers have rights by the legislation, in view of the legal responsibility they’ve undertaken to indemnify the insured. Thus the insurers have a proper to-
o Take affordable measures to extinguish the fireplace and to attenuate the loss to property, and
o For that objective, to enter upon and take possession of the property.
The insurers can be liable to make good all of the injury the property could maintain through the steps taken to place out the fireplace and so long as it of their possession, as a result of all that’s thought of the pure and direct consequence of the fireplace; it has subsequently been held within the case of Ahmedbhoy Habibhoy v. Bombay Fireplace Marine Ins. Co [8] that the extent of the injury flowing from the insured peril should be assessed when the insurer offers again and never as on the time when the peril ceased.
(B) Loss brought on by steps taken to avert the chance
Harm sustained because of motion taken to keep away from an insured danger was not a consequence of that danger and was not recoverable until the insured danger had begun to function. Within the case of Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance coverage Co. Ltd v. Canadian Normal Electrical Co. Ltd., [9] the Canadian Supreme Court docket held that “the loss was brought on by the fireplace fighters’ mistaken perception that their motion was essential to avert an explosion , and the loss was not recoverable underneath the insurance coverage coverage, which coated solely injury brought on by fireplace explosion., and the loss was not recoverable underneath the insurance coverage coverage, which coated solely injury brought on by fireplace or explosion.”
(C) Specific rights
Situation 5- with the intention to shield their rights properly insurers have prescribed for higher rights expressly on this situation in response to which on the taking place of any destruction or injury the insurer and each individual approved by the insurer could enter, take or maintain possession of the constructing or premises the place the injury has occurred or require it to be delivered to them and take care of it for all affordable functions like inspecting, arranging, eradicating or promote or dispose off the identical for the account of whom it could concern.
When and the way a declare is made?
Within the occasion of a fireplace loss coated underneath the fireplace insurance coverage coverage, the Insured shall instantly give discover thereof to the insurance coverage firm. Inside 15 days of the incidence of such loss, the Insured ought to submit a declare in writing, giving the main points of damages and their estimated values. Particulars of different insurances on the identical property must also be declared.
The Insured ought to procure and produce, at his personal expense, any doc like plans, account books, investigation experiences and so on. on demand by the insurance coverage firm.
HOW INSURANCE MAY CEASE?
Insurance coverage underneath a fireplace coverage could stop in any of the next circumstances, specifically:
(1) Insurer avoiding the coverage by motive of the insured making misrepresentation, misdescription or non-disclosure of any materials specific;
(2) If there’s a fall or displacement of any insured constructing vary or construction or half thereof , then on the expiry of seven days wherefrom, besides the place the autumn or displacement was as a result of motion of any insured peril; however this, the insurance coverage could also be revived on revised phrases if specific discover is given to the corporate as quickly because the incidence takes place;
(3) The insurance coverage could also be terminated at any tie on the request of the insured and on the choice of the corporate on 15 days discover to the insured
CONCLUSION
Tangible property is uncovered to quite a few dangers like fireplace, floods, explosions, earthquake, riot and conflict, and so on. and insurance coverage safety will be had towards most of those dangers severally or together. The shape through which the quilt is expressed is quite a few and diversified. Fireplace insurance coverage in its strict sense is worried with giving safety towards fireplace and fireplace solely. So whereas granting a fireplace insurance coverage coverage all of the requisites want be fulfilled. The insured are underneath an ethical and authorized obligation to be at utmost good religion and needs to be telling true information and never simply faux grounds solely with the greed to recuperate cash. Additional all insurance coverage insurance policies assist in the event of a Creating nation. Therefore insurance coverage firms have a burden to assist the insured when the insured are in bother.
